ABSTRACT
Objective:To evaluate the effect of pectoral nerve block type Ⅱ combined with esketamine on anxiety and depression in the patients with breast cancer undergoing modified radical mastectomy under general anesthesia.Methods:Eighty-four female patients, aged 18-64 yr, of American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status Ⅰor Ⅱ, with body mass index of 18-25 kg/m 2, undergoing elective first-time modified radical mastectomy for unilateral breast cancer, were divided into 2 groups ( n=42 each) using a random number table method: routine group (R group) and pectoral nerve block type Ⅱ combined with esketamine group (PS group). Sufentanil was used for anesthesia induction and postoperative patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) in group R, esketamine was used for anesthesia induction and postoperative PCIA, and type Ⅱ thoracic nerve block was performed under ultrasound guidance after anesthesia induction in group PS, and the rest of the drugs used were the same in both groups.The observer′s assessment of awareness/sedation scale score was recorded at the end of surgery, 30 min after the end of surgery, and at 6, 12 and 24 h after surgery.The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale was used to assess patients′ anxiety and depression at 1 day before surgery and at discharge.The intraoperative consumption of anesthetics, emergence time, postanesthesia care unit stay time, pressing times of PCIA, requirement for rescue analgesia, hospital costs, length of postoperative hospital stay, satisfaction scores of surgeons and patients were recorded at discharge.The occurrence of adverse reactions was also recorded after operation. Results:Compared with group R, the observer′s assessment of awareness/sedation scale score were significantly increased at the end of surgery and 30 min after surgery, the consumption of propofol and remifentanil was decreased, the emergence time and postanesthesia care unit stay time were shortened, the incidence of nausea and vomiting was decreased, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale score was decreased at discharge, the incidence of anxiety and depression was decreased, the satisfaction scores of surgeons and patients were increased, and the length of postoperative hospital stay was shortened in group PS ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Pectoral nerve block type Ⅱ combined with esketamine can optimize the efficacy of anesthesia and relieve early postoperative anxiety and depression in the patients undergoing modified radical mastectomy for breast cancer under general anesthesia.
ABSTRACT
Hepatits B virus( HBV) infection is a global epidemic which seriously harms the public health. In spite of the great progress in hepatits B prevention and treatment, there is few ef-fective medicine. Research findings show that liver damage and degree of liver failure are sophisticatedly related to the interaction between HBV and the immune response of host. All these make it important to know the replication mechanism and the contrac-tion process, in order to lay a preliminary solid foundation for studying HBV drug targets and making a new ant-virus strategy. This article aims to summarize HBV viral replication process, while focusing on the latest research findings about drug targets, to find a new kind of anti-HBV drugs, and to explore the under-lying mechanism of effective drugs.
ABSTRACT
Objective To observe the effect of puerarin on the expression of NF-?B65 and TNF-? in kidney of diabetic rats. Methods SD rats were randomly assigned to 5 groups (10 each):normal control group (group A),diabetic group (group B),low-dose,middle-dose and high-dose treatment groups (group C,D and E). After diabetes model was reproduced,animals in group C,D and E were i.p. injected with puerarin in a dose of 40,80 and 160mg/(kg?d),respectively; animals in group A and B were treated with corresponding normal saline. Fasting blood glucose (FBG),urinary albumin excretory rate (UAER),serum creatinine (Scr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) were determined at the 8th weekend after treatment. The histological changes in renal cortex were observed with light microscope and electron microscope. The qualitative and semi-quantitative expressions of NF-?B65 and TNF-? in nephridial tissue were determined by immunohistochemical method. Results FBG,UAER,Scr and BUN were higher in group C,D and E than that in group A (P